Process of making paper bags



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Patented Mar. l5, 192?.

entree stares sms DANIEL arrest, or CLEVELAND, oiiio, ASSIGNQR To THE oLEvELANn-AKRON BAG CGMPANY,

0E CLEVELAND, OHIG, 'COEIPGBATIQN.

. PROCESS OF MAKING PAPER BAGS.

Application filed September 18, 192%. Serial No. 738,536.

My invention pertains to an improvenient in a process of making paper bags rapidly and" economically, for example a paper bag having a square bottom such as disclosed and claimed in my Letters Patent of the United States, No. 1384383, dated Feb. 19, 192 and my general object isem braced in the clifi'erent steps of the process substantially as hereinafter described and" more particularly pointed-outin the claims,

andwhich steps are'co-ordinated' and involve, first, slitting of a sheet of paper at spaced intervals as it isbeing. rapidly unrolled; second, forming or a plicated tube, from the ShttQtl" sheet or paper with the poraneously with the severing of a com,

pleted bag section fromthe tube; and fifth, unfolding and flattening of the bag to facilitate packing-and shipment. I

The accompanying drawings are illustrative of the diiierent steps taken to produce the bags," in which Fig. 1 is a plan view, on a reduced scale, of the paper as'it appears in one stage of operations in the developmerit oi a tube and a bag, and Fig. 2 is a perspective View thereof. Figs. 3 and 4 are cross sectional views on lines and 4- 1 i-r;-.1.)ectively, of F 1g. 2. Fig. 51s a plan View Q oia part oi the plicated tube as it appears the initial stages of unfoldinent of the:

immediately subsequent to its development from the slitted sheet of paper.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the same part incised and creased, and Fig. 7 illustrates the next step involving the formationtriangular folds and laterally extending tabs. Fig. 8 is a pers )ective View of the incised and slitted part of the tube passing through a pair-01" rolls and a wiping plate, and show bag bottom.

l igs. 9,10'and 11, are perspective views corresponding to Fig. 8, showing successive,

stages of development of the triangular folds of the bag bottom; V

Fig. 12 is a plan View of a short length ot' the plicated tube showingth e unfolded parts as they appear in the next step when pasted.

Fig. 13 is a plan view,v illustrative'of the next step when the lateral tabs on flaps. are foldedinward upon the pasted faces, and 141- is a similar VlBW'Of the nextstep showing ,a' part of a bag section completely Severedfrom' the tube and the unfoldede'nd part of the tube creased transversely near one straight edge of the inturnedflaps.

Fig. 15 delineatesthe next step and is"a' plan view of a severed bag-section with one" end flap folded downward upon the intu'rned flaps and with the other end flap still open and lying fiat upon the body of the bag.

Fig. l6 is a plan view corresponding to Fig. 15 and disclosing the step of creasing the tube across the exposed part ofthein marginal straight turned flaps adjacent the edges thereof.

Fig. 17 is a plan view a the folded bi section, illustrating the fini'shingi step of doubling the entire bag bottom'upon the main body of the bag to effect pasting o f the final fold, and Fig. 18 is a view of the same product. V

- 19 is a perspective view of the cor-- pleted bag, illustrative of the last step in the process, the bottom or thebag being perspective unfolded to substantially the same plane as the main body of the bag to pro-' mote compact packing of the bags in burn dies for shipment, and Fig. 2O is a plan view of the same bag in the same unfolded fiat condition. i

Figs. 21 and 2-2 are perspective views of the completed bag opened, Fig. 21 showing the bag standing upright, and Fig; 22 showts s de to reveal the the bag lying on square bottom.

In practicing taken to produce a finished bag involve the cutting and slitting of a sheet of paper P prior to the formation of a plicated tube-T" to permit-other progressive steps to be taken subsequently to produce a diamond this process, the first i steps other until final sealing of the bottom flaps F and F for each bag is to be effected. Thus, in operations the tube is incised transversely at uniformly spaced intervals to provide bags of a given length, the incisions 4. extending inwardly from each longi-- tudinal side edge of the tube a predetermined distance so that each bag section is only partly severed from the next and a narrow strip will connect the successive sections. In this way a sub-dividedt-ube of Connected sections may be drawn through the machine by a pull applied longitudinal- 1y of, all the connected sections while the bottom for each'bag section is being developed in a progressive and rapid manner without undue strain on the paper.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 1, inclusive, in forming the plicated tube T and the bags the first step consists in cutting a series of short longitudinal slits 2 at spaced intervals transversely of the paper while the sheet of paper P is being unwound rapidly from a roll R, and the next step involves the fold ing of the paperinto a plicated tube T so that slits 2 will be located oppositely on the four outer folded edges of the tube. A

. short irregular or serrated cut 3 is also produced in the flat sheet of paper transversely between the inner or middle pair of slits 22, :and this serrated cut is preferably made at the same time the slits are formed but not necessarily simultaneously. The

purpose of this short serration 3 is to per- .IIlltthe plicated tube to be severed completely across in one wall 'only'in subsequent operations, and at that time the plicated tube is fully formed and the lines of severance extend inwardly at H from each side edge of the tube. In this incising operation the cuts lt register with the ends of serrated cut 3 thus providing a free flap F which may be readily turned upward and back upon the top wall of the tube during the forward travel of the plicated tube, while in the meantime the other or bottom wall of the tube will still be joined by an unsevered connecting strip 5 to the next section. The portion of the-tube involving strip 5 comprises a double thickness of paper and the pulling strains on tne tube are largely centered on this'line. The double thickness is produced in folding the sheet of, paper into a tubular form and overlapping the border portions. These overlappings portions are pasted together, a line 7 of paste 6 being continuously applied to one nection, reference may be had to my copending application, Serial No. 738,537 for one form of a machine which I have devised for carrying out such a process as herein described.

As the tube is. fed and drawn forwardly through such a machine it may be caused to pass between a pair of small and large rollers 77. embodying serrated cutting knives 88 and a creasing blade 9, the knives serving to cut the plicated sides of the tube for a given distance inwardly at 414l as described, both cuts being made simultaneously but not entirely across the tube. The aligned knives in the small roller are spaced apart at a grooved middle part of the roller so that the bottom wall of the tube comprising the pasted overlapping border portions will remain uncut and pro vide the narrow connecting strip 5.

. As hereinbeforestated, the transverse incisions 4;4l in the upper side of the tube are caused to coincide with the serrated cut 3 previously produced in the paper; therefore, the upper side of the tube is out completely across its full'width, and a free flap F at the top of thetube is the result because such cross cutting of the paper has also been made to register with one end of the longitudinal slits 2-2 in the outer folded edges of the tube.

The tube now passes onward between rollers 7-7 and the creasing blade 9'scores the tube transversely at the opposite or base end of the border slit 2 to permit the severed parts of the tube to be readily opened or spread apart at their free ends,

especially ifintercepted during the forward travel of the tube as it is drawn through the aforesaid rollers by other rollers lying in a lower plane opposite large roller 7. The pullon the bottom wall of the tube is preferably directed downwardly to cause this part of the'tubeto follow the curved circumference of large roller 7 but the inner plicated side-folds 10-10 of the tube travel horizontallyon a straight line into an intercepting wiping plate W having transverse slots 1111 adapted to receive the plicated folds and formed with angularly-related wing portions 12-12 adapted to wipe the plicated folds flat under the pull on the tube and while the upper severed flap F is curling upwardly in the direction of rotation of the smaller roll. In this movement the short serrated tab 14: on the top flap of the tube occupies the central groove 15 in small roller 7 and is caught between the opposed inner ends of the serrated knives 8 -8, and as a result the top and bottom walls of the tube are pulled apart while the plicated folds are.

passing forward into the slotted intercepting plate and are being wiped flat by engage ment with the inclined edges and faces of wings 12-12. Triangular folds F-I are of knives 8-8, and the tube is then entirely free to travel downward and forward .be-

tween other feed rollers and in so doing compress the soft transverse fold and the diagonal folds on sharply defined lines.

From this point of travel of the tube onward, the top flap F lies flat against the upper wall of the tube, and parts of theformer plicated folds extend from the triangular folds beyond each longitudinalfside edge of the tube and provide the side flaps F which later on are folded inwardly to form an inner sealing part of the flat bottom of the bag. 7 1 r 7 Thus, one of thenext steps in operations consists in folding the side flaps inwardly and flat upon the triangular folded portions while the tube is traveling at high speed, but before-this is done the tube passes between paste transferring rollers which apply four parallel straight bands'of' paste 18 and 19 of different length to the unfolded parts of the tubeparallel with the border edges, and another cross strip of paste 20 on flap F in the area between the longitudinal bands, or this cross strip may extend the full width of the flap. Thus, after the paste is applied the tube is drawn over into engagement with any suitable device adapted to turn the side flaps F inwardly and down upon the pasted triangular folded part of the same flaps. In the machine which I have referred to, these blades overlie the borders of the tube and have rounded edges to intercept and engage the side flaps and turn them inward asthe tube is drawn for-' bag section in advance thereof, Strip5 is first severed and then the creasing takes place, which flexes the part just severed upwardly. This part provides a bottom flap F adapted to be folded back upon inturncd side folds F-F, and this folding may be brought about by intercepting the forward movement of the flexed part or flap While the main body of the tube travels onward. A suitable device for that purpose may be a plate stationed in the path of the tube, the plate having a slot to permit the body of the tube to travel therethrough while the flexed part is folding backward. i

The end of the tube is now folded and the folds may be set by pressing the pasted face of the flap down upon the inturned side flaps.

A set of rollers may be used for this purpose and one of these rollers may embody a. creasing blade to score the tube transversely across the uncovered part ofthe inturned flaps, thereby producing another fold line22 and developing'a final bottom fold line in the bag. In creasing the bag in this way the partly folded and pasted bottom ofthe tube may be caused to flex upwardly as it. issues from said rollers, thereby permitting it to be projected into any suitable device adapted to retard its forward movement while the main body of the bag is caused to travel onward between other rolls. As this occurs the folded end of the bag will buckle where-creased or scored and double itself upon the pasted surface of free: flap F thus completing the final fold. The bag B is practically finished when discharged fromthe rolls in the condition last described, but to facilitate packing and shipping the bottom of the bag which has been doubled back upon the body of the bag is unfolded immediately upon its discharge from said rolls. This result may be accomplished by delivering the bag upon a moving conveyoror belt opposite a second and more rapidly moving. belt so that as the doubled part of the bag springs open or apart when released bythe discharge roll the second belt will wipe it fully open and free the bag onward in a flat condition to its destination where the bags are piled and wrapped in bundles for shipment and sale.

The folds-of the bag are for the most part/soft folds until discharged'to the travelling belts which may be arranged to compress'the folds still more while the paste sets or when less apt to spread and escape from between the folds.

By practicingthe steps of'a process as described, it is feasible to form the tube and.

bag wholly by stationaryand rotary parts, and without the use of oscillating or reciprocable mechanism from the beginning until the end of the operation. Therefore, the travel of the paper and the folding and forming operations may proceed at high speed, and this desirable result is further'facilitated by slitting the paper before forming the plicated tube and producing the triangular folds in the tube with the use'of a station-y ary intercepting device as described herein.

What I claim, is: V

1. A process of making paper bags, coinprising the steps of forming four parallel slits in a flat strip of paper and then forming a plicated tubeand partly severing the same transversely at said slits v to. produce a series of connected bag sections; and in 3. A process of continually maln-ngpaper bags. from a strip of paper, consisting in first" slitting the strip of paper atspaced intervals; then folding said slitted strip into a: plicatedtube; in partly severing the same transversely to: said slits in forming triangular folds in the slitted area. of .the plicated tube and in pas-ting and folding portions of said tube over said triangular folds-to form a flat bag bottom.

V A process of continually makingpaper bags from. a strip of paper, consisting informing' a plicated tube having parallel border slits at intervals in the fold lines thereof; in incisi'ng said tube transversely at the border slits; in spreading the Walls of the tube apart Where incised while causing the tube to travel forwardly; and in Wiping: the pli'cated folds flat Where slitted and; incised, to roduce triangular folds 111 applyingan ad esl've parallel and close to the border edges over the Whole length of the folded parts of the tube and in folding the areas contiguous to the triangular folds and the bottom'and top parts ofjthe tube subsequently and sealing the same: 7

5. A, process of making paper bags comprising: the steps of forminga tube having plicated sides and. slits in the fold lines thereof; in cutting said tube transversely entirely across one Wall thereof and partly I across. the opposite Wall; in forming triangular folds in the plicated sides Where cut and slitted. by drawing the tube through a sta-i tionary Wiping device to. provide a partly developed bag bottom; and in subsequently folding the remainder ofthe stock upon'said triangular folds to complete said bottom.

6. A process. of making paper ba prising the steps-v of forming parallel 1 r in a sheet of paperand a. transverse cut ber tween a pair of slits; in subsequently folding the slitted sheet of paper in line with said parallel slits into a plicated tube; in incising the tube transversely where slitted and cut;

in forming triangular folds iii-the plicated portions of the tube where slitted and cut; and in folding the areas contiguous to the for an interval While Wipingthe' slitted plicated sides of the tube flat and forming triangular folds therein; and in folding the areas contiguous to the out edges of the tube upon the triangular folds and sealing the same with; an-radhesive.

8. A process of making sisting in slitting a sheet of paper in four parallel places atzspacedintervals as it is 7 being rapidly unrolled; in forming a plicated tube from the slitted sheet of paper With the slits on the foldlines of the tube; in incising the slitted tube and forming triangular folds and a partially developed fiat bottom successively at intervals in'thetube Without severing the developed sections completely from each other Whilethe tube is traveling at high speed; in pasting and folding each developed bag bottom contemporaneously rw ms e with the severing of a completed bag section from the tube. V

9. A process of making paper bags, consisting in slitting a sheet of paper at spaced intervals as it is being rapidly unrolled; in forming a plicatedtube from the slitted' sheet of paper With the slitsuon the fold lines. of the tube; in incising the slitted tube and forming triangular folds and apar tially developed flat bottom successively at; intervals in the tube ithoutjsevering the developed section completely from each other While the'tube is traveling at high speed;-in pasting and folding each developed bag bottom in severing the completed bag section from the tube; in doubling the bag bottom upon the body of the bag to complete afinalfold; and in unfolding and flatteningthe completed bag. 7 1

10. A process of making paper bags from a strip of paper comprising the steps substantially as herein described of producing a series of longitudinal slits in the strip of paper forming'a plicated tube from. said slittedpaper strip, severing said tube successively at said slits, and subsequently developing triangular folds in the plicated portions of the tube. N

In testimony whereof I- afiiX my signature,

DANIEL AP PEL. 

